Soil electrical conductivity across Europe

Predicted gridded dataset of soil electrical conductivity (EC1:5 dS/m) across the EU members and the UK for the year 2018 based on LUCAS point data.
Resource Type: 
Datasets
Soil Threats Data
Registration is requested: 
Yes
Year: 
2026
Themes: 
Soil Salinization
Keywords: 
salinity

Title: Soil electrical conductivity across Europe
Description: Soil salinization, referring to the excessive accumulation of soluble salts in soils, adversely influences nutrient cycling, biodiversity, soil structure, crop production, soil health, and ecosystem functioning. Accurately assessing soil salinity via electrical conductivity (EC) is key to mitigating its impacts. The geotiff raster files contains the per cell predicted EC1:5 values at a spatial resolution of 1Km for the years 2015 and 2018, covering EU member states and UK. Here, we apply machine learning models to predict soil EC in the European Union (EU) and United Kingdom (UK) soils using different environmental factors like soil, climate, topography, and satellite data as predictors. The model is trained by ≈40,000 soil EC data points from the 2015 and 2018 Land Use/Cover Area Frame Survey data (LUCAS) surveys, complemented by the EC observations from World Soil Information Services (WoSIS) dataset

 Spatial coverage: EU27+ UK (agricultural lands)
Pixel size: 1kmx1kmm     - Type of dataset: GeoTIFF (.tif)
Temporal coverage:  2015, 2018
Projection: ETRS 1989 LAEA (EPSG: 3035).

Reference: Zarif, M.A., Hassani, A., Afshar, M.H., Panagos, P., Lebron, I., Robinson, D.A., Or, D. and Shokri, N., 2026. Modeling soil solution electrical conductivity across Europe. Science of The Total Environment, 1047: 182021.

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For any problem / question / comment on this dataset, please contact ec-esdac@ec.europa.eu

Notification:

  • The data provided has been prepared for use by internal research activities of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in collaboration with AI4SoilHealth (Accelerating collection and use of soil health information using AI technology to support the Soil Deal for Europe and EU Soil Observatory), which was funded by the European Union Horizon Europe research and innovation program (Grant No. 101086179). . 
  • The data are the result of JRC research activities and are primarily made available for further research. The JRC does not accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The JRC agrees to provide the data free of charge but is not bound to justify the content and values contained in the databases.
  • The permission to use the data specified above is granted on condition that, under NO CIRCUMSTANCES are these data passed to third parties. They can be used for any purpose, including commercial gain.
  • The user agrees to:
       a) Make proper reference to the source of the data when disseminating the results to which this agreement relates;
       b) Participate in the verification of the data (e.g. by noting and reporting any errors or omissions discovered to the JRC).

 

Reference of source (Citations) :

Zarif, M.A., Hassani, A., Afshar, M.H., Panagos, P., Lebron, I., Robinson, D.A., Or, D. and Shokri, N., 2026. Modeling soil solution electrical conductivity across Europe. Science of The Total Environment, 1047: 182021.


 

 

When making reference to the ESDAC

  • Panagos, P., Van Liedekerke, M., Borrelli, P., Köninger, J., Ballabio, C., Orgiazzi, A., Lugato, E., Liakos, L., Hervas, J., Jones, A.  Montanarella, L. 2022. European Soil Data Centre 2.0: Soil data and knowledge in support of the EU policies. European Journal of Soil Science, 73(6), e13315. DOI: 10.1111/ejss.13315
  • Panagos P., Van Liedekerke M., Jones A., Montanarella L., “European Soil Data Centre: Response to European policy support and public data requirements”; (2012) Land Use Policy, 29 (2), pp. 329-338. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.07.003
  • European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC), esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu, European Commission, Joint Research Centre